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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia References

  1. Child JA, Jack AS, Morgan GJ. The lymphoproliferative disorders: Handbook of diagnosis, investigation and management. (1998) Chapman and Hall Medical. [Medline abstract not available].

  2. Mittelman F. The Third International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia. Lund, Sweden, July 21-25, 1980. Introduction. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1981 Oct;4(2):96-8 [Medline abstract not available]

  3. Shurtleff SA, Buijs A, Behm FG, Rubnitz JE, Raimondi SC, Hancock ML, Chan GC, Pui CH, Grosveld G, Downing JR TEL/AML1 fusion resulting from a cryptic t(12;21) is the most common genetic lesion in pediatric ALL and defines a subgroup of patients with an excellent prognosis. Leukemia 1995 Dec;9(12):1985-9.

  4. Pui CH, Crist WM, Look AT. Biology and clinical significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1990 Oct 15;76(8):1449-63.

  5. Hilden JM, Kersey JH. The MLL (11q23) and AF-4 (4q21) genes disrupted in t(4;11) acute leukemia: molecular and clinical studies. Leuk Lymphoma 1994 Jul;14(3-4):189-95.

  6. Rubnitz JE, Behm FG, Downing JR. 11q23 rearrangements in acute leukemia. Leukemia 1996 Jan;10(1):74-82.

  7. Williams DL, Look AT, Melvin SL, Roberson PK, Dahl G, Flake T, Stass S. New chromosomal translocations correlate with specific immunophenotypes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell 1984 Jan;36(1):101-9.

  8. Hunger SP, Galili N, Carroll AJ, Crist WM, Link MP, Cleary ML. The t(1;19)(q23;p13) results in consistent fusion of E2A and PBX1 coding sequences in acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Blood 1991 Feb 15;77(4):687-93.

  9. Janssen JW, Ludwig WD, Sterry W, Bartram CR. SIL-TAL1 deletion in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 1993 Aug;7(8):1204-10.

  10. Evans PA, Short MA, Owen RG, Jack AS, Forsyth PD, Shiach CR, Kinsey S, Morgan GJ. Residual disease detection using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction at 20 weeks of therapy predicts clinical outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1998 Nov;16(11):3616-27.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia References

  1. Child JA, Jack AS, Morgan GJ. The lymphoproliferative disorders: Handbook of diagnosis, investigation and management. (1998) Chapman and Hall Medical. [Medline abstract not available].

  2. Matutes E, Owusu-Ankomah K, Morilla R et al. The immunological profile of B-cell disorders and proposal of a scoring system for the diagnosis of CLL. Leukemia 1994 Oct;8(10):1640-5.

  3. Ternynck T, Dighiero G, Follezou J, Binet JL. Comparison of normal and CLL lymphocyte surface Ig determinants using peroxidase-labeled antibodies. I. Detection and quantitation of light chain determinants. Blood 1974 Jun;43(6):789-95 [Medline abstract not available].

  4. Hashimoto S, Dono M, Wakai M, Allen SL, Lichtman SM, Schulman P, Vinciguerra VP, Ferrarini M, Silver J, Chiorazzi N. Somatic diversification and selection of immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable region genes in IgG+ CD5+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. J Exp Med 1995 Apr 1;181(4):1507-17.

  5. Oscier DG, Thompsett A, Zhu D, Stevenson FK. Differential rates of somatic hypermutation in V(H) genes among subsets of chronic lymphocytic leukemia defined by chromosomal abnormalities. Blood 1997 Jun 1;89(11):4153-60.

  6. Stevenson F, Sahota S, Zhu D, Ottensmeier C, Chapman C, Oscier D, Hamblin T. Insight into the origin and clonal history of B-cell tumors as revealed by analysis of immunoglobulin variable region genes. Immunol Rev 1998 Apr;162:247-59.

  7. Corcoran MM, Rasool O, Liu Y, Iyengar A, Grander D, Ibbotson RE, Merup M, Wu X, Brodyansky V, Gardiner AC, Juliusson G, Chapman RM, Ivanova G, Tiller M, Gahrton G, Yankovsky N, Zabarovsky E, Oscier DG, Einhorn S. Detailed molecular delineation of 13q14.3 loss in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1998 Feb 15;91(4):1382-90.

  8. Liu Y, Corcoran M, Rasool O, Ivanova G, Ibbotson R, Grander D, Iyengar A, Baranova A, Kashuba V, Merup M, Wu X, Gardiner A, Mullenbach R, Poltaraus A, Hultstrom AL, Juliusson G, Chapman R, Tiller M, Cotter F, Gahrton G, Yankovsky N, Zabarovsky E, Einhorn S, Oscier D. Cloning of two candidate tumor suppressor genes within a 10 kb region on chromosome 13q14, frequently deleted in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncogene 1997 Nov 13;15(20):2463-73.

  9. Tefferi A, Bartholmai BJ, Witzig TE, Jenkins RB, Li CY, Hanson CA, Mesa RA, Phyliky RL. Clinical correlations of immunophenotypic variations and the presence of trisomy 12 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1997 Jun;95(2):173-7

  10. Matutes E, Oscier D, Garcia-Marco J, Ellis J, Copplestone A, Gillingham R, Hamblin T, Lens D, Swansbury GJ, Catovsky D. Trisomy 12 defines a group of CLL with atypical morphology: correlation between cytogenetic, clinical and laboratory features in 544 patients. Br J Haematol 1996 Feb;92(2):382-8.

  11. Su'ut L, O'Connor SJ, Richards SJ, Jones RA, Roberts BE, Davies FE, Fegan CD, Jack AS, Morgan GJ. Trisomy 12 is seen within a specific subtype of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disease affecting the peripheral blood/bone marrow and co-segregates with elevated expression of CD11a. Br J Haematol 1998 Apr;101(1):165-70.

  12. Dohner H, Stilgenbauer S, James MR, Benner A, Weilguni T, Bentz M, Fischer K, Hunstein W, Lichter P. 11q deletions identify a new subset of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia characterized by extensive nodal involvement and inferior prognosis. Blood 1997 Apr 1;89(7):2516-22.

  13. Rozman C, Montserrat E. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1995 Oct 19;333(16):1052-7. [Medline abstract not available] - Published erratum appears in N Engl J Med 1995 Nov 30;333(22):1515.

  14. Keating MJ, O'Brien S, Lerner S, Koller C, Beran M, Robertson LE, Freireich EJ, Estey E, Kantarjian H. Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) receiving fludarabine regimens as initial therapy. Blood 1998 Aug 15;92(4):1165-71.

  15. Osterborg A, Dyer MJ, Bunjes D, Pangalis GA, Bastion Y, Catovsky D, Mellstedt H. Phase II multicenter study of human CD52 antibody in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. European Study Group of CAMPATH-1H Treatment in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1997 Apr;15(4):1567-74.

Myeloma References

  1. Billadeau D, Van Ness B, Kimlinger T, Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Greipp PR, Witzig TE. Clonal circulating cells are common in plasma cell proliferative disorders: a comparison of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, and active myeloma. Blood 1996 Jul 1;88(1):289-96.

  2. Rawstron AC, Owen RG, Davies FE, Johnson RJ, Jones RA, Richards SJ, Evans PA, Child JA, Smith GM, Jack AS, Morgan GJ. Circulating plasma cells in multiple myeloma: characterization and correlation with disease stage. Br J Haematol 1997 Apr;97(1):46-55.

  3. Durie BG. Semin Oncol 1986 Sep;13(3):300-9. Staging and kinetics of multiple myeloma. [Medline abstract not available].

  4. Bakkus MH, Heirman C, Van Riet I, Van Camp B, Thielemans K. Evidence that multiple myeloma Ig heavy chain VDJ genes contain somatic mutations but show no intraclonal variation. Blood 1992 Nov 1;80(9):2326-35.

  5. Vescio RA, Cao J, Hong CH, Lee JC, Wu CH, Der Danielian M, Wu V, Newman R, Lichtenstein AK, Berenson JR. Myeloma Ig heavy chain V region sequences reveal prior antigenic selection and marked somatic mutation but no intraclonal diversity. J Immunol 1995 Sep 1;155(5):2487-97.

  6. Sahota SS, Leo R, Hamblin TJ, Stevenson FK. Ig VH gene mutational patterns indicate different tumor cell status in human myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood 1996 Jan 15;87(2):746-55.

  7. Drach J, Schuster J, Nowotny H, Angerler J, Rosenthal F, Fiegl M, Rothermundt C, Gsur A, Jager U, Heinz R, et al. Multiple myeloma: high incidence of chromosomal aneuploidy as detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cancer Res 1995 Sep 1;55(17):3854-9.

  8. Flactif M, Zandecki M, Lai JL, Bernardi F, Obein V, Bauters F, Facon T. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a powerful tool for the detection of aneuploidy in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 1995 Dec;9(12):2109-14.

  9. Tricot G, Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Bracy D, Mattox S, Vesole DH, Naucke S, Sawyer JR. Poor prognosis in multiple myeloma is associated only with partial or complete deletions of chromosome 13 or abnormalities involving 11q and not with other karyotype abnormalities. Blood 1995 Dec 1;86(11):4250-6.

  10. Tricot G, Sawyer JR, Jagannath S, Desikan KR, Siegel D, Naucke S, Mattox S, Bracy D, Munshi N, Barlogie B. Unique role of cytogenetics in the prognosis of patients with myeloma receiving high-dose therapy and autotransplants. J Clin Oncol 1997 Jul;15(7):2659-66.

  11. Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Brents LA, Smith CM, Gerhard DS, Kuehl WM. Dysregulation of cyclin D1 by translocation into an IgH gamma switch region in two multiple myeloma cell lines. Blood 1996 Jul 15;88(2):674-81.

  12. Richelda R, Ronchetti D, Baldini L, Cro L, Viggiano L, Marzella R, Rocchi M, Otsuki T, Lombardi L, Maiolo AT, Neri A. A novel chromosomal translocation t(4; 14)(p16.3; q32) in multiple myeloma involves the fibroblast growth-factor receptor 3 gene. Blood 1997 Nov 15;90(10):4062-70.

  13. Iida S, Rao PH, Butler M, Corradini P, Boccadoro M, Klein B, Chaganti RS, Dalla-Favera R. Deregulation of MUM1/IRF4 by chromosomal translocation in multiple myeloma. Nat Genet 1997 Oct;17(2):226-30.

  14. Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Shonukan OO, Martelli ML, Brents LA, Chen T, Schrock E, Ried T, Kuehl WM. Frequent dysregulation of the c-maf proto-oncogene at 16q23 by translocation to an Ig locus in multiple myeloma. Blood 1998 Jun 15;91(12):4457-63.

  15. Blade J, Lopez-Guillermo A, Bosch F, Cervantes F, Reverter JC, Montserrat E, Rozman C. Impact of response to treatment on survival in multiple myeloma: results in a series of 243 patients. Br J Haematol 1994 Sep;88(1):117-21.

  16. Myeloma Trialists' Collaborative Group. Combination chemotherapy versus melphalan plus prednisone as treatment for multiple myeloma: an overview of 6,633 patients from 27 randomized trials. J Clin Oncol 1998 Dec;16(12):3832-42.

  17. Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, Sotto JJ, Fuzibet JG, Rossi JF, Casassus P, Maisonneuve H, Facon T, Ifrah N, Payen C, Bataille R. A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. Intergroupe Francais du Myelome. N Engl J Med 1996 Jul 11;335(2):91-7.

  18. Berenson JR, Lichtenstein A, Porter L, Dimopoulos MA, Bordoni R, George S, Lipton A, Keller A, Ballester O, Kovacs MJ, Blacklock HA, Bell R, Simeone J, Reitsma DJ, Heffernan M, Seaman J, Knight RD. Efficacy of pamidronate in reducing skeletal events in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Myeloma Aredia Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996 Feb 22;334(8):488-93.

  19. McCloskey EV, MacLennan IC, Drayson MT, Chapman C, Dunn J, Kanis JA. A randomized trial of the effect of clodronate on skeletal morbidity in multiple myeloma. MRC Working Party on Leukaemia in Adults. Br J Haematol 1998 Feb;100(2):317-25.


Polymerase Chain Reaction References

  1. Owen RG, Johnson RJ, Rawstron AC, Evans PA, Jack A, Smith GM, Child JA, Morgan GJ. Assessment of IgH PCR strategies in multiple myeloma. J Clin Pathol 1996 Aug;49(8):672-5.

  2. Jack AS, Johnson R, Morgan GJ. Current Diagnostic Pathology 1995 (2), 181 [Medline abstract not available].

  3. Steward CG, Goulden NJ, Katz F, Baines D, Martin PG, Langlands K, Potter MN, Chessells JM, Oakhill A. A polymerase chain reaction study of the stability of Ig heavy-chain and T-cell receptor delta gene rearrangements between presentation and relapse of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1994 Mar 1;83(5):1355-62.

  4. Evans PA, Short MA, Owen RG, Jack AS, Forsyth PD, Shiach CR, Kinsey S, Morgan GJ. Residual disease detection using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction at 20 weeks of therapy predicts clinical outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1998 Nov;16(11):3616-27.

  5. Knechtli CJ, Goulden NJ, Hancock JP, Harris EL, Garland RJ, Jones CG, Grandage VL, Rowbottom AW, Green AF, Clarke E, Lankester AW, Potter MN, Cornish JM, Pamphilon DH, Steward CG, Oakhill A. Minimal residual disease status as a predictor of relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1998 Aug;102(3):860-71.

  6. Short MA, Evans PA, Shiach CR, Jack A, Richards S, Morgan GJ. 32P-incorporation PCR for the detection of rearrangements at the TCR-gamma locus. Diagn Mol Pathol 1996 Mar;5(1):26-32.

  7. Knechtli CJC, Goulden NJ, Langlands K, Potter MN. Journal of Clinical Pathology: Clinical Molecular Pathology, 1995. (48) M65 [Medline abstract not available].

  8. Rimokh R, Berger F, Delsol G, Digonnet I, Rouault JP, Tigaud JD, Gadoux M, Coiffier B, Bryon PA, Magaud JP. Detection of the chromosomal translocation t(11;14) by polymerase chain reaction in mantle cell lymphomas. Blood 1994 Apr 1;83(7):1871-5.

  9. Molot RJ, Meeker TC, Wittwer CT, Perkins SL, Segal GH, Masih AS, Braylan RC, Kjeldsberg CR. Antigen expression and polymerase chain reaction amplification of mantle cell lymphomas. Blood 1994 Mar 15;83(6):1626-31.

  10. Fukuhara S, Rowley JD, Variakojis D, Golomb HM. Chromosome abnormalities in poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. Cancer Res 1979 Aug;39(8):3119-28 [Medline abstract not available].

  11. Limpens J, Stad R, Vos C, de Vlaam C, de Jong D, van Ommen GJ, Schuuring E, Kluin PM. Lymphoma-associated translocation t(14;18) in blood B cells of normal individuals. Blood 1995 May 1;85(9):2528-36.


Histology References

  1. Hand N, Morrell K. Immunocytochemistry on plastic sections for light microscopy: a novel post-embedding procedure. Proceedings of the Royal Microscopical Society 1990 24:A54-55.

  2. Adams JC. Biotin amplification of biotin and horseradish peroxidase signals in histochemical stains. J Histochem Cytochem 1992 Oct;40(10):1457-63.

  3. Shi SR, Key ME, Kalra KL. Antigen retrieval in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: an enhancement method for immunohistochemical staining based on microwave oven heating of tissue sections. J Histochem Cytochem 1991 Jun;39(6):741-8.

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